Induced secondary metabolites of the beneficial fungus Trichoderma harzianum M10 through OSMAC approach

Abstract Background Fungi biosynthesize a wide range of chemically diverse secondary metabolites during processes competition with other micro- and macro-organisms, symbiosis, parasitism, or pathogenesis. Some these natural compounds have antibiotic properties, which allow the microbe to inhibit and/or kill their microbial competitors. Results In course an ongoing search for novel bioactive from Trichoderma harzianum M10 using OSMAC (One Strain MAny Compounds) strategy, chromone derivative has been isolated. The 5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-7-methoxychromone ( 1 ), purified first time T. induced in specific medium (potato dextrose broth, PDB) condition (light shaking), obtained as pure crystals its structure fully characterized X-ray spectroscopic methods. This metabolite revealed significant activity against Rhizoctonia solani (45% growth inhibition after 24 h incubation at concentration 100 ng plug −1 ) significantly reduced viability colorectal human cancer cells concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, metabolomic analysis allowed identification modulated by cultivating conditions. Among statistically different molecules detected it was possible identify siderophores, such ferricrocin coprogen B, harzianic acid (and derivatives), butenolides. Conclusion strategy represents valuable approach overcome limitations experiments performed under laboratory Indeed, is modulate production changing conditions applied cultures. A set never isolated M10. compound, methoxychromone derivative, diffraction, mass spectrometry, IR, NMR, displayed antimicrobial antitumor activities. Graphical